On the 19th of July, the Grade 6's went on an outing to Maropeng & the Sterkfontein caves.
Our job was to find a topic we were interested in and break it down to the specific part we liked.
Our group chose cave formation & then broke it down to stalagmite & stalactite formation.
Stalactites are formed when water reacts with chemical elements in the ground & rock and flows slowly through the roof of the cave.
Depositing calcium carbonate which hardens and builds up over time to form a stalactite.
Can stalagmites & stalactites be formed with materials other than limestone?
1. Question: How long does it take for stalagmites & stalactites to form?
Answer: Every 1,000 years a stalagmite or stalactite grows 10cm.
2. Question: What materials are required to make homemade stalagmites & stalactites?
Answer: Jars, a saucer, a spoon, paper clips, hot water, wool, baking soda and food colouring.
3. Question: What conditions are required to create stalagmites and stalactites?
Answer: The conditions required to create stalagmites & stalactites are moisture, oxygen & CO2.
4. Question: How do stalagmites & stalactites form?
Answer: Stalagmites & stalactites form when water reacts with chemical elements in the ground and rock, and seeps slowly through the roof of the cave, depositing calcium carbonate, which hardens and builds up over time to form a stalactite.
Stalagmites are matching formations on the floors of caves, rising over time as drops of water, full of calcium carbonate, fall from the roof of the cave.
5. Question: Are stalagmites & stalactites made up of the exact same materials?
Answer: Yes, stalagmites & stalactites are made op of the exact same thing. The only difference between the two is that their starting points are situated opposite from one another.
Stalactite has a c for ceiling.
Stalagmite has a g for ground.
The longest stalactite is 8.2m long in the White Chamber.
The highest stalagmite is 70m high in Son Doong Cave in Vietnam.
Yes, stalagmites & stalactites can be formed from materials other than limestone because there are also lava & ice stalagmites & stalactites. The key elements are: a solute, which is soluble, and a solvent, which is the solution the solute dissolves into.
1. Question: Are there different types stalagmites & stalactites?
Answer: Yes, there are limestone, lava, ice & concrete stalagmites & stalactites. Limestone ones are the most common and concrete ones are the rarest.
2. Question: Do stalagmites & stalactites ever stop growing?
Answer: No, they never stop growing because the water keeps dripping.